Sm Autoantibody ELISA
The Calbiotech, Inc. (CBI) Sm IgG ELISA Kit is intended for the detection of IgG antibody to Sm in human serum or plasma.
Systemic autoimmune disease is characterized by the presence of circulating auto-antibodies directed to a wide variety of cellular antigens. Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), commonly referred to as Lupus is the best known of these diseases. Other possible connective tissue diseases include mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), Sjogren syndrome, sclerodema, and polymyositis/dermatomyositis. The majority can be diagnosed by clinical presentation and their antibody profiles to the various antigens involved, which include dsDNA, SM, RNP, Ro, La Scl- 70, Jo1 and Histones. Therefore, immunoassays for autoantibodies are useful for diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of autoimmune disease. The SM or Smith antigen is composed of nuclear RNA and several polypeptides. Antibodies to SM are present in approximately 30% of patients with SLE (systemic lupus erythematosis). SM is a very specific marker for SLE. SM antibodies are very rare in other autoimmune diseases and normals.
Diluted patient serum is added to wells coated with purified antigen. IgG specific antibody, if present, binds to the antigen. All unbound materials are washed away and the enzyme conjugate is added to bind to the antibody-antigen complex, if present. Excess enzyme conjugate is washed off and substrate is added. The plate is incubated to allow the hydrolysis of the substrate by the enzyme. The intensity of the color generated is proportional to the amount of IgG specific antibody in the sample.
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