HDV Ag
Third generation Enzyme ImmunoAssay (ELISA) for the determination of Hepatitis Delta Virus or HDV in human plasma and sera.
The Hepatitis Delta Virus or HDV is a RNA defective virus composed of a core presenting the delta-specific antigen, encapsulated by HBsAg, that requires the helper function of HBV to support its replication.
Infection by HDV occurs in the presence of acute or chronic HBV infection. When acute delta and acute HBV simultaneously occur, the illness becomes severe and clinical and biochemical features may be indistinguishable from those of HBV infection alone.
In contrast, a patient with chronic HBV infection can support HDV replication indefinitely, usually with a less severe illness appearing as a clinical exacerbation. The determination of HDV specific serological markers (HDV Ag, HDV IgM and HDV IgG) represents in these cases an important tool to the clinician for the classification of the etiological agent, for the follow up of infected patients and their treatment.
The detection of HDV antibodies allows the classification of the illness and the monitoring of the seroconversion event.
HDV Ag, if present in the sample, is captured by a specific monoclonal antibody, in the 1st incubation. A detergent is added to the sample in order to dissolve the specific antigen from HDV particles.
In the 2nd incubation, after washing, a tracer, composed of a second anti HDV Ag antibody, labeled with peroxidase (HRP), is added to the microplate and binds to the captured HDV Ag. The concentration of the bound enzyme on the solid phase is proportional to the amount of HDV Ag in the sample and its activity is detected by adding the chromogen/substrate in the 3rd incubation.
The presence of HDV Ag in the sample is determined by means of a cut-off value that allows for the semi quantitative detection of the antigen.
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