Gliadin IgA ELISA
The IMMUNOLAB Gliadin IgA Antibody ELISA Test Kit has been designed for the the detection and the quantitative determination of specific IgA antibodies against Gliadin in serum and plasma. Further applications in other body fluids are possible and can be requested from the Technical Service of IMMUNOLAB.
Gliadin is the main component of gluten, which occurs in wheat and other domestic grain types like rye, barley and oats, and may lead to severe diseases of the intestinal mucosa in sensitive children and adults. Celiac disease, a gluten-induced enteropathy, appears rather frequently (1 case on 300 births) and is a typical example of a non-IgE mediated food allergy. Genetically, histocompatibility antigens on the chromosome 6 are responsible for the disease. Celiac disease manifests itself practically as a constant reaction against gliadin. By the toxic effect of gluten in the intestinal tract, antibodies, cytokines and lymphocytes are released, which lead to internal lesions and inflammations. Further, the microvilli of the intestine are almost completely reduced, so that the inner intestinal surface becomes flat. The resulting malabsorption leads to a deficit of above all trace elements and vitamins. Loss of weight, diarrhea, flatulence and abdominal pain are observed as symptoms. An invasive diagnostic possibility represents the biopsy of the intestinal mucosa. In addition serological methods for the determination of IgG and IgA antibodies against gliadin, reticulin and endomysium in the patient serum are increasingly used as a screening method. For children with a gluten-sensitive enteropathy, the incidence was calculated to 90-100%, for adults with celiac disease 75-90% and for dermatitis herpetiformis 40-50%. Elevated levels of IgA anti-gliadin demonstrate an active process and are in close correlation with a villous atrophy in children. The ELISA antibody determination is also well suited for the monitoring of patients after a gluten-free diet.
The IMMUNOLAB Gliadin IgA antibody test kit is based on the principle of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Gliadin antigen is bound on the surface of the microtiter strips. Diluted patient serum or ready-to-use standards are pipetted into the wells of the microtiter plate. A binding between the IgA antibodies of the serum and the immobilized Gliadin antigen takes place. After a one hour incubation at room temperature, the plate is rinsed with diluted wash solution, in order to remove unbound material. Then ready-to-use anti-human-IgA peroxidase conjugate is added and incubated for 30 minutes. After a further washing step, the substrate (TMB) solution is pipetted and incubated for 20 minutes, inducing the development of a blue dye in the wells. The color development is terminated by the addition of a stop solution, which changes the color from blue to yellow. The resulting dye is measured spectrophotometrically at the wavelength of 450 nm. The concentration of the IgA antibodies is directly proportional to the intensity of the color.
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