Aspergillus fumigatus IgG
Enzyme immunassay for the qualitative and quantitative determination of IgG antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus in human serum and plasma.
The most common pathogen of the genus Aspergillus is A. fumingatus occuring in hay, grain, rotten plants and bird faeces. The main opportunistic invasive fungal infections are the candidal mycosis followed by aspergillosis. In general infections with Aspergillus spp. are airborne. Because of the ubiquity of Aspergillus species it is difficult to decide between contamination by commensalism or a serious infection. Usually infection in humans occurs in already damaged tissues only. Aspergillus spp. can cause a chronic infection of paranasal sinus, eyes or lungs.
Three types of lung-aspergillosis can be distinguished: acute infection (bronchial pneumonia; pneumonia), saprophytic aspergillom (compact reticulum of hyphae in the lungs) and allergic bronchopulmonal aspergillosis (mediated by IgE). Next to the ELISA the indirect Aspergillus hemagglutination test (Aspergillus HAT) can be performed to detect specific IgG and IgM antibodies. The HAT is not suitable as a screening test, however, because of its low sensitivity. In some high-risk patients it shows only low antibody titers.
Solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the sandwich principle.
The wells are coated with antigen. Specific antibodies of the sample binding to the antigen coated wells are detected by a secondary enzyme conjugated antibody (E-Ab) specific for human IgG. After the substrate reaction the intensity of the color developed is proportional to the amount of IgG-specific antibodies detected. Results of samples can be determined directly using the standard curve.
- Agarwal R, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis, Chest 135: 805-826 (2009)
- Agin K, Seroprevalence of specific immunoglobulin G antibodies against aspergillus fumigatus among chronic persistent asthma, Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2(2): 61-65 (2007)
- Boeckh M, Höffken G, Lode H, The spectrum of pulmonary manifestations of aspergillosis, Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 114(44): 1706-9 (1989)
- Gupta PR, Vyas A, Meena R C, Sharma S, Khayam N, Subramanian I M, Kanoongo D, Solanki V, Bansal A, Clinical profile of pulmonary aspergilloma complicating residual tubercular cavitations in Northern Indian patients, Lung India 27(4): 209-11 (2010)
- Kousha M, Tadi R, Soubani AO, Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical review, Eur. Respir. Rev. 20(121): 156-74 (2011)
- Kurup VP, Kumar A, Immunodiagnosis of aspergillosis Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 4(4): 439-56 (1991)
- Latge J-P, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis, Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12(2): 310-350 (1999)
- Patterson R, Greenberger PA, Halwig JM, Liotta L, Roberts M, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspirgillosis: natural history and classification of early diagnosis by serologic and roentgenographic studies, Arch. Intern. Med. 146(5): 916-18 (1986)
- Patterson R, Greenberger PA, Harris KE, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Chest 118(1): 7-8 (2000) 10. Patterson K, Strek ME, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis, Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 7: 237-244 (2010)
- Rüchel R, Diagnosis of invasive mycoses in severely immunosuppressed patients, Annals of Hematology 67: 1-11 (1993)
- Sarma UP, Kurup VP, Madan T, Immunodiagnosis of ABPA, Frontiers in Bioscience 8: 1187-1198 (2003)
- Schaberg T, Mauch H, Lode H, The clinical picture and diagnosis of pulmonary mycoses, Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 117(44): 1681-84 (1992)
- Zmeili OS, Soubani AO, Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical update, QJ Med. 100: 317-334 (2007)