β2-Microglobulin Assay Kit (BMG)
For the in vitro quantitative determination of BMG in human serum or urine .
β2-microglobulin (BMG) is expressed by the nucleated cells of the body and on many tumor lines. BMG is a low molecular weight protein (MW 11600) consisting of a single polypeptide chain of 99 amino acids. It is filtered out of the body by the kidney glomeruli and almost completely reabsorbed by the kidney proximal tubules. It is found at low levels in the serum and urine ofnormal individuals. Elevated serum concentrations in the presence of normal glomerular filtration rate suggest increased BMG production or release. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis and some viral diseases including cytomegalovirus, non-A and non-B hepatitis and infectious mononucleosis, the BMG serum level changes in relation to disease activity. Typically only trace amounts of BMG are excreted in the urine and higher rates are interpreted as evidence of tubular dysfunction. Urinary excretion is markedly increased in tubulointerstitial disorders, and where aminoglycosides and anti-inflammatory compounds are present. The Gcell BMG Kit provides a sensitive and reliable wide detection range. This assay is for the measurement of β2-microglobulin not only in human serum but also in human urine in just a few minutes.
When an antigen-antibody reaction occurs between BMG in a sample and anti-BMG antibody which has been sensitized to latex particles, agglutination results. This agglutination is detected as an absorbance change (570 nm), with the magnitude of the change being proportional to the quantity of BMG in the sample. The actual concentration is then determined by interpolation from a calibration curve prepared from calibrators of known concentration.
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