HBsAgone Version ULTRA
Fourth generation Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA) for the one-step determination of Hepatitis B surface Antigen or HBsAg in human plasma and sera.
“Hepatitis B is one of the major diseases of mankind and is a serious global public health problem. Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver, and the most common cause is infection with one of 5 viruses, called hepatitis A,B,C,D, and E. All of these viruses can cause an acute disease with symptoms lasting several weeks including yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice); dark urine; extreme fatigue; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain. It can take several months to a year to feel fit again. Hepatitis B virus can cause chronic infection in which the patient never gets rid of the virus and many years later develops cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer.
HBV is the most serious type of viral hepatitis and the only type causing chronic hepatitis for which a vaccine is available. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted by contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person in the same way as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. However, HBV is 50 to 100 times more infectious than HIV. The main ways of getting infected with HBV are: (a) perinatal (from mother to baby at the birth); (b) child- to-child transmission; (c) unsafe injections and transfusions; (d) sexual contact.
A mix of mouse monoclonal antibodies specific to the determinants “a”, “d” and “y” of HBsAg is fixed to the surface of microwells. Patient’s serum/plasma is added to the microwell together with a second mix of mouse monoclonal antibodies, conjugated with Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) and directed against a different epitope of the determinant “a” and against “preS”.
The specific immunocomplex, formed in the presence of HBsAg in the sample, is captured by the solid phase.
At the end of the one-step incubation, microwells are washed to remove unbound serum proteins and HRP conjugate.
The chromogen/substrate is then added and, in the presence of captured HBsAg immunocomplex, the colorless substrate is hydrolyzed by the bound HRP conjugate to a colored endproduct. After blocking the enzymatic reaction, its optical density is measured by an ELISA reader.
The color intensity is proportional to the amount of HBsAg present in the sample.
The version ULTRA is particularly suitable for automated screenings and is able to detect “s” mutants.
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